I. Overview of Flow Velocity and Flow Rate Monitoring System

The flow velocity and flow rate monitoring system utilizes the Doppler radar speed measurement principle, enabling simultaneous measurement of water level, flow velocity, flow rate, and cumulative flow. This system is unaffected by meteorological conditions such as temperature, pressure, air density, and wind, and it is easy to maintain and operate. The system integrates data acquisition, storage, transmission, and management, consisting of a radar flow meter, data acquisition instrument, 4G data transmission terminal, solar power supply components, pole bracket, and cloud platform software. All monitoring data is transmitted to the cloud platform via wireless communication technology, allowing real-time tracking of available water resources, understanding water resource trends, and providing a basis for decision-making. During flash floods, it also enables monitoring of flow rates in various river channels to prevent natural disasters, playing a crucial auxiliary role in addressing water environment safety concerns.

II. Radar Flow Measurement Principle and Components

1. Principle: The radar emits microwaves toward the water surface. When these microwaves encounter moving targets such as waves, bubbles, or floating debris on the water, they are absorbed and reflected. A portion of the reflected waves is received by the probe, converted into electrical signals, processed by the measurement circuit to determine the Doppler frequency shift, and then used to calculate the water flow velocity based on the principle. Since the radar wave emission direction and the water flow direction typically form an angle, and the transmission and reception require round-trip distance, the results need to be corrected to obtain the true flow velocity of the measured river water.

2. Components: The system consists of a pole, crossarm, enclosure, solar power supply system, acquisition equipment, radar flow velocity meter, and radar water level gauge. The pole and crossarm are fixed on the riverbank, with the sensor positioned above the river surface facing the water flow. This setup allows simultaneous monitoring of surface flow velocity and real-time water level. Data is processed by the data acquisition instrument inside the enclosure and wirelessly transmitted to a remote platform, enabling functions such as remote real-time viewing and threshold alarms.

III. System Features

1. Non-contact measurement: Safe, low-loss, minimal maintenance, unaffected by sediment, and capable of measuring under high-flow conditions during floods.

2. Reverse connection protection and overvoltage protection functions.

3. Low power consumption: Solar power supply meets flow measurement needs.

4. Supports wired/wireless communication methods and is compatible with the standard Modbus-RTU protocol for easy system integration.

5. Monitoring data can be uploaded to the cloud platform for remote dynamic supervision.

6. Can operate independently or integrate with existing urban water situation, sewage, and environmental automatic monitoring systems.

7. Wide speed measurement range with an effective measurement distance of up to 40m.

8. Simple installation, minimal civil engineering required, fully waterproof and lightning-proof design, suitable for field use.

9. Expandable functions include image monitoring, remote gate control, and early warning analysis.

10. Monitoring software supports remote access via computer and mobile app, facilitating water supply/distribution management and system maintenance.

IV. Azure Smart Cloud Platform Functions

1. Data query function: Collects, quality-controls, calculates, stores, and analyzes ecological monitoring data from various subsystems, providing visual displays, monitoring subsystem operational status, and enabling dynamic management. Supports querying, exporting, and printing of various types of real-time and historical data for any time period.

2. Data statistical analysis function: Supports single-factor statistics, allowing calculation of maximum, minimum, and average values for any time period, such as yearly, monthly, daily, hourly, or 10-minute intervals.

3. Data chart function: Generates real-time curves based on collected data for more intuitive presentation. Data reports can be exported in EXCEL format.

4. Data and video overlay function: Supports integration of data with Hikvision video surveillance for overlay fusion.