The solar greenhouse is a relatively simple facility that makes full use of solar energy. In cold regions, it generally does not require additional heating for overwintering vegetable cultivation, serving as a cultivation facility for producing fresh vegetables. The solar greenhouse has distinct Chinese characteristics and is a unique facility in China. The structure of solar greenhouses varies across regions, and there are many classification methods. Based on wall materials, they mainly include rammed earth greenhouses, brick and stone structure greenhouses, and composite structure greenhouses. According to the length of the rear roof, there are long rear slope greenhouses and short rear slope greenhouses. Based on the form of the front roof, they can be categorized into two-slope, three-slope, arched, and slightly arched types. Structurally, they include bamboo-wood structures, steel-wood structures, reinforced concrete structures, all-steel structures, all-reinforced concrete structures, cable-suspended structures, and hot-dip galvanized steel pipe assembly structures.

A single-slope plastic greenhouse with the front slope covered by insulation quilts at night and enclosed by walls on the east, west, and north sides is collectively referred to as a solar greenhouse. Its prototype is the single-slope glass greenhouse, and by replacing the glass with plastic film as the transparent covering material for the front slope, it evolved into the early solar greenhouse. The characteristics of solar greenhouses include good insulation, low investment, and energy savings, making them highly suitable for use in economically underdeveloped rural areas of China.

Solar greenhouses are generally covered with a single layer of film. The greenhouse film consists of three pieces. The purpose of this is to leave top and bottom ventilation openings for the greenhouse. The fixing method can use bamboo poles + iron wires and groove clamp springs.