Component Spacing Calculation

     The overall layout plan of the power station is planned and arranged based on the dimensions of the solar panel arrays and the corresponding number of arrays.

     The land area and arrangement of the solar panel arrays are closely related to the latitude of the power station's geographical location. According to experience, the spacing between solar panels must meet the following condition: if, on the winter solstice—the day with the lowest solar altitude angle—the shadows of the solar panels do not interfere with each other between 9:00 AM and 3:00 PM local time, then the output of the panel arrays will not be affected.

     The schematic diagram of the front-to-back spacing for fixed solar panel arrays is as follows:

     The tilt angle of the solar panels relative to the horizontal plane is 15 degrees.

     The general principle for determining the front-to-back spacing of solar panel arrays is that the arrays should not be shaded between 9:00 AM and 3:00 PM on the winter solstice. The spacing between arrays or the vertical distance from any potential obstructions to the bottom edge of the array should be no less than D.

The calculation formula is as follows:

Where: φ is the latitude (positive in the Northern Hemisphere, negative in the Southern Hemisphere). The latitude of this project is φ = 31.23° North.

The installation tilt angle of the panels is a = 12°.

Double-row horizontal arrangement:

The dimensions of the solar panels are 1650 × 992 mm.

According to the electrical layout, the horizontal length of two component panels is L = 1.96 m (including the frame).

H is the projected height of the fixed solar panel, calculated as:

H = L × sin(a) = 1.642 × sin(15) = 0.417 m.

Substituting the above values into the formula: D = 0.79 m.

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